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Antwerp's diamond district, also known as the Diamond Quarter (''Diamantkwartier''), and dubbed the Square Mile〔(''Organized Crime: Culture, Markets and Policies'' By J. M. Nelen, p90 )〕 is an area within the city of Antwerp, Belgium. It consists of several square blocks covering an area of about one square mile. While, as of 2012, much of the gem cutting and polishing work historically done in the neighborhood had moved to low wage centers elsewhere, about 84% of the world's rough diamonds passed through the district, making it the largest diamond center in the world with a turnover of 54 billion dollars. Over $16 billion in polished diamonds pass through the district's exchanges each year. There are 380 workshops that serve 1,500 companies. There are also 3,500 brokers, merchants & diamond cutting. Within the area is the ''Antwerp World Diamond Centre'', and four trading exchanges〔(''Minerals Yearbook 2008: Area Reports, International, Europe and Central Eurasia, Volume 3'', By Interior Department (COR) )〕 including the ( Diamond Club of Antwerp ) and the ''Beurs voor Diamanthandel'', both of which were founded by Hasidic diamantaires,〔(Diamond Bourses in Antwerp Diamond District ). Allaboutgemstones.com. Retrieved on 2011-06-02.〕 the Antwerpsche Diamantkring and the Vrije Diamanthandel.〔(The industry | Antwerp World Diamond Centre )〕 There are also four banks specializing in the financing of the diamond trade.〔(''The Heart of the Matter: Sierra Leone, Diamonds and Human Security'' By Ian Smillie, Lansana Gberie, Partnership Africa Canada, Ralph Hazleton, p27 )〕 The neighborhood is dominated by Jewish and Indian dealers, known as diamantaires.〔(Antwerp Diamond District ). Virtual Globetrotting (2007-03-31). Retrieved on 2011-06-02.〕 〔 〔(Recession takes the sparkle out of Antwerp's diamond quarter | World news ). The Guardian. Retrieved on 2011-06-02.〕 More than 80% of Antwerp's Jewish population work in the diamond trade; Yiddish was, historically, a main language of the diamond exchange.〔(Jewish Quarter and Diamond Quarter - Antwerp, Belgium ). Sacred-destinations.com. Retrieved on 2011-06-02.〕 No business is conducted on Saturdays.〔(''A travel guide to Jewish Europe'' By Ben G. Frank, p311 )〕 ==History== Antwerp has been a focus of the diamond trade for several centuries; the industry was transformed when Lodewyk van Berken invented a new form of diamond polishing tool, the ''scaif'', which enabled the creation of the stereotypical sparkling, multifaceted diamond; this attracted orders from European nobility - and attracted other craftsmen to Antwerp. Charles the Bold commissioned him to cut and polish the Florentine Diamond. In the 1890s a diamond industry is established in Antwerp by families of diamonds traders and manufacturers who came from Amsterdam, Netherlands.〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=Diamonds in Geneva )〕 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Antwerp diamond district」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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